Recent Trends in Organic Polarography
نویسنده
چکیده
INTRODUCTION The present paper does not attempt to be exhaustive in listing all of the current trends in the polarography of organic compounds. Rather, an attempt has been made to focus attention on those trends, which seem of major importance for future studies in organic polarography, with particular reference to some of the unsolved problems which still confront us. Significant recent activity in organic polarography has been distinguished by attempts to define more precisely the paths followed by the electrode process, including the nature of the phenomena which occur in the electrical double layer preceding, accompanying and following the electron-transfer process. This has involved, among other features, the development of theoretical equations and practical approaches for (a) characterizing the interrelationship of the chemical and electrochemical steps involved, (b) defining the role of adsorption as a necessary or accompanying phenomenon, and (c) explaining the actual energy level and the actual concentrations in the interfacial region of the participants in the electrode reaction. The roles of protons and of the solvent in organic electrode reactions have received considerable attention, e.g., in reference to the identification of initial oneelectron steps in multielectron processes. Techniques such as cyclic voltammetry and electron spin resonance have been useful in some cases in characterizing the free radicals produced in initial one-electron steps. Availability of satisfactory graphite indicating electrodes has extended the variety of organic electrochemical oxidations which can be studied.
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